{"id":2851,"date":"2020-02-13T11:21:36","date_gmt":"2020-02-13T16:21:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/?p=2851"},"modified":"2024-01-30T15:53:28","modified_gmt":"2024-01-30T20:53:28","slug":"honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/","title":{"rendered":"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

February is designated nationally as African American\/Black History Month<\/a>. During this time, the country acknowledges, commemorates and celebrates the contributions of Black people that have made our society and the world a better place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In recognition of this month of celebration, I will provide brief articles about the contributions of African Americans to the field of criminal justice. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

I will attempt to highlight the achievements, acts of bravery, selflessness and courage exhibited by some African Americans as law enforcement professionals and illustrate how their examples have opened the gates of inclusion and opportunity for all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"The
The Courageous 12<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

I want to start from a local perspective and talk about a group of 12 Black police officers who worked for the city of St. Petersburg Police Department in the 1960\u2019s. They are known as The Courageous 12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 60\u2019s, the St. Petersburg Police Department practiced the policies and beliefs of the south: separate and not equal. Black police were not able to patrol or answer calls in \u201cwhite\u201d areas of the city. They were not allowed to write traffic tickets to white motorists or arrest white citizens for violations of the law. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Black Police were not able to patrol \u2018white areas\u2019 of the\ncity. They were not allowed to answer calls in \u2018white areas\u2019. Not allowed to write\ntraffic tickets to white motorist or make arrest of white citizens taken into\ncustody for violations of the law. Black officers worked walking beats in the \u201cblack\u201d areas of\nthe city. They were often in teams in two, but sometimes worked alone.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

White police officers were allowed to work all areas of the city, respond to any calls, drive department police cars to calls, write any motorist a traffic ticket and arrests any citizen suspected of committing a crime – regardless of race.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A group of black officers decided to fight these unjust\npolicies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The original group was larger than 12. Their fight started by meeting with the police chief, Harold Smith, until he refused to meet with them anymore. Nothing was changing, and the group was confronted with the decision to continue to be mistreated or fight. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

One officer, Freddie Crawford, suggested that the group sue the city. After discussion, it was decided to put to the decision to a vote. Several members of group withdrew, but the remaining group voted unanimously to sue. They came to be known as The Courageous 12. They were: Leon Jackson, Adam Baker, Freddie Crawford, Raymond DeLoach, Charles Holland, Robert Keys, Primus Killen, James King, Johnnie B. Lewis, Horace Nero, Jerry Styles and Nathaniel Wooten. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The group of men committed to this action with full\nknowledge that they put themselves, their families, their livelihoods and\nreputations at stake. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The group contacted a local lawyer named James Sanderlin to\nhandle the suit. He warned them of the dangerous course they were embarking\nupon and of the very real consequences. They proceeded with the suit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On May 11, 1965, they officially filed the lawsuit in Federal Court in Tampa. This action did not sit well with some white officers at the department. Many would not talk to them, some refused to work with them, and others were more overt in their dissatisfaction with the group’s actions, going as far as to say that they would not respond to black officers in distress while on patrol. Some went as far to call them racial epithets to their face and spray paint the same on their lockers. For these black officers, it was not a personal attack against white police officers. It was their fight to be treated and accepted as \u201cfull\u201d police by the department and the community they took oaths to serve and protect. In their limited and marginalized capacity, they were not viewed as \u201cfull\u201d police officers.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The original suit was lost in court. The lawsuit was re-submitted\nupon appeal after the group attained the assistance of NAACP. On August 1, 1968,\nthe appeal was successful and the lawsuit was upheld. The result was the full integration and inclusion of Black\nofficers in the department, including the ability to be promoted and\ntransferred to various departments within the agency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The action of these 12 men had a nationwide impact. Black police\nofficers across the country followed the same path and won lawsuits granting\nthem the ability to be \u201cfull\u201d police officers. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

These actions have been transformative with the St. Petersburg Police Department. In fact, the department is currently under leadership of its second black police chief, Anthony Holloway. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The actions of the Courageous 12 have mostly been forgotten or pushed aside by the city’s younger generations. Their actions have been revisited with the opening of the new St. Petersburg Police Station and the ongoing debate of the establishment of a monument befitting these men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I have had the honor of meeting six of these men. But at the\ntime, I had no idea of how their actions enabled me to have 25-year career in\nlaw enforcement. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leon Jackson is lone surviving member of the 12. His wish is\nthat the actions of Courageous 12 never be forgotten. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In this month of celebration and remembrance, let us not\nforget the actions of 12 courageous men who impacted countless numbers of\nprofessional law enforcement officers across this country and beyond. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Information for the article was taken from the article, Faces of Courage: The Courageous 12 by Frank Drouzas, a St. Petetsburg Times staff writer. <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Twelve courageous African American St. Petersburg police officers impacted countless other professional law enforcement officers across the country. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1898,"featured_media":2854,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81],"tags":[],"coauthors":[217],"class_list":["post-2851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-public-safety-all"],"yoast_head":"\r\nHonoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights - Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Twelve courageous African American St. Petersburg police officers impacted countless other professional law enforcement officers across the country.\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights - Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Twelve courageous African American St. Petersburg police officers impacted countless other professional law enforcement officers across the country.\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-02-13T16:21:36+00:00\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-01-30T20:53:28+00:00\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2020\/02\/bhm.png\" \/>\r\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"293\" \/>\r\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"172\" \/>\r\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Michael Hughes\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Michael Hughes\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Michael Hughes\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/94916287fbc124d10d33acf441f3e6ce\"},\"headline\":\"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-02-13T16:21:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-01-30T20:53:28+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":903,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/14\\\/2020\\\/02\\\/bhm.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Public Safety - All\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/\",\"name\":\"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights - Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/14\\\/2020\\\/02\\\/bhm.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-02-13T16:21:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-01-30T20:53:28+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/94916287fbc124d10d33acf441f3e6ce\"},\"description\":\"Twelve courageous African American St. Petersburg police officers impacted countless other professional law enforcement officers across the country.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/14\\\/2020\\\/02\\\/bhm.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/14\\\/2020\\\/02\\\/bhm.png\",\"width\":293,\"height\":172},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/\",\"name\":\"Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies\",\"description\":\"Read about programs that prepare students for careers as public policy leaders.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/94916287fbc124d10d33acf441f3e6ce\",\"name\":\"Michael Hughes\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/618a94a4f6681aadf205bf04aca50c1497386925d0c602c1c64ffb82973dc094?s=96&d=mm&r=g485b16d6d7ac09b8f7f37aeb45427ee6\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/618a94a4f6681aadf205bf04aca50c1497386925d0c602c1c64ffb82973dc094?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/618a94a4f6681aadf205bf04aca50c1497386925d0c602c1c64ffb82973dc094?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Michael Hughes\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.spcollege.edu\\\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\\\/author\\\/hughes-michaelspcollege-edu\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\r\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights - Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies","description":"Twelve courageous African American St. Petersburg police officers impacted countless other professional law enforcement officers across the country.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights - Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies","og_description":"Twelve courageous African American St. Petersburg police officers impacted countless other professional law enforcement officers across the country.","og_url":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/","og_site_name":"Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies","article_published_time":"2020-02-13T16:21:36+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-01-30T20:53:28+00:00","og_image":[{"width":293,"height":172,"url":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2020\/02\/bhm.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Michael Hughes","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Michael Hughes","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/"},"author":{"name":"Michael Hughes","@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/#\/schema\/person\/94916287fbc124d10d33acf441f3e6ce"},"headline":"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights","datePublished":"2020-02-13T16:21:36+00:00","dateModified":"2024-01-30T20:53:28+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/"},"wordCount":903,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2020\/02\/bhm.png","articleSection":["Public Safety - All"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/","url":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/","name":"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights - Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2020\/02\/bhm.png","datePublished":"2020-02-13T16:21:36+00:00","dateModified":"2024-01-30T20:53:28+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/#\/schema\/person\/94916287fbc124d10d33acf441f3e6ce"},"description":"Twelve courageous African American St. Petersburg police officers impacted countless other professional law enforcement officers across the country.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2020\/02\/bhm.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2020\/02\/bhm.png","width":293,"height":172},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/honoring-courageous-12-who-fought-for-rights\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Honoring Courageous 12 Who Fought for Rights"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/","name":"Public Safety, Public Policy, and Legal Studies","description":"Read about programs that prepare students for careers as public policy leaders.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/#\/schema\/person\/94916287fbc124d10d33acf441f3e6ce","name":"Michael Hughes","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/618a94a4f6681aadf205bf04aca50c1497386925d0c602c1c64ffb82973dc094?s=96&d=mm&r=g485b16d6d7ac09b8f7f37aeb45427ee6","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/618a94a4f6681aadf205bf04aca50c1497386925d0c602c1c64ffb82973dc094?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/618a94a4f6681aadf205bf04aca50c1497386925d0c602c1c64ffb82973dc094?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Michael Hughes"},"url":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/author\/hughes-michaelspcollege-edu\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2851","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1898"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2851"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2851\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2859,"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2851\/revisions\/2859"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2854"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2851"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.spcollege.edu\/public-safety-policy-legal-studies-educational-information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}